Captab Junior

Azithromycin 200 mg is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, thereby stopping the growth of bacteria.

It is not effective against viral infections (like the common cold or flu).

Indications / Uses:

Azithromycin 200 mg is commonly prescribed to treat:

• Upper respiratory tract infections (e.g., pharyngitis, tonsillitis)

• Lower respiratory tract infections (e.g., bronchitis, pneumonia)

• Skin and soft tissue infections

• Ear infections (otitis media)

• Sinusitis

• Typhoid fever

• Certain sexually transmitted infections (e.g., chlamydia)

• Diarrhea caused by bacterial infections (e.g., Campylobacter)

Levocetirizine and Montelukast Oral Suspension is a combination medication used primarily in children to manage and relieve symptoms of allergic rhinitis (seasonal or perennial) and mild to moderate asthma. It helps reduce inflammation, sneezing, nasal congestion, and wheezing by targeting two different pathways in the allergic response.

Composition (Typical per 5 mL):

• Levocetirizine dihydrochloride: 2.5 mg
  (A non-sedating antihistamine)

• Montelukast sodium: 4 mg
  (A leukotriene receptor antagonist)

Pharmacological Class:

• Levocetirizine: Second-generation antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonist)

• Montelukast: Leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA)

Mechanism of Action:

• Levocetirizine blocks histamine H1 receptors, reducing symptoms like sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose.

• Montelukast blocks leukotriene D4 receptors in the lungs and airway linings, preventing bronchoconstriction and allergic inflammation.

Together, they provide dual-action relief from both upper and lower respiratory allergic symptoms.

Indications:

• Allergic rhinitis (seasonal and perennial)

• Chronic idiopathic urticaria (hives)

• Asthma (as adjunct therapy)

• Atopic conditions in children

• Nighttime cough related to postnasal drip or mild asthma

Dosage (Children – as commonly prescribed):

⚠️ Note: Always follow a pediatrician’s or physician’s prescription. Dose may vary by brand and regional guidelines.

Side Effects:

• Drowsiness or fatigue (rare with levocetirizine)

• Abdominal pain

• Headache

• Diarrhea

• Cough or dry mouth

• Rare: behavioral changes (irritability, nightmares) with montelukast in children

Precautions:

• Use cautiously in children with kidney impairment or liver disorders.

• Montelukast has been associated (rarely) with neuropsychiatric events—monitor behavior in children.

• Do not exceed prescribed dosage.

• Shake bottle well before use and use the provided measuring device.

Storage:

• Store below 25°C in a cool, dry place.

• Keep out of reach of children.

• Discard any unused suspension after the expiry date or the advised usage period (e.g., 15–30 days after opening )

BACILLUS CLAUSII:Effectively reduces stool frequency in case of                                    acute pediatric diarrhea.
                           :Effective in reducing the duration of respiratory                                  infections. 

CEFODOXIME 100MG & CLAVULANIC ACID 62.5MG:Greater in vitro activity against s.pneumoniae than cefaclor,cefuroxime,cefprozil or cefixime.

Once daily as effective as thrice daily cefaclor or twice daily co-amoxyclav

Azithromycin 200mg:Used for the treatment of bacterial infection in                                  the ears,lungs,throat,tonsils,airways,nasal                                        passage.
                              :Works by inhibiting the growth of the infection-causing bacteria & stopping it from multiplying.   

Levocetirizine and Montelukast tablets are a common combination medication used to manage symptoms of allergic conditions, particularly those affecting the respiratory system. This combination provides a dual approach to allergy relief by targeting different inflammatory pathways.

Here's a detailed description:

Composition:

• Levocetirizine (typically 5 mg): An antihistamine.
• Montelukast (typically 10 mg for adults, lower doses for children): A leukotriene receptor antagonist.

Mechanism of Action:

1. Levocetirizine:

   • Class: Second-generation (non-drowsy) antihistamine.
   • Action: It works by selectively blocking the action of histamine H1 receptors. Histamine is a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction, causing symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, and skin rashes (hives). By blocking histamine, levocetirizine helps to alleviate these immediate allergic symptoms. It is known for its effectiveness and generally lower sedative effects compared to older antihistamines.

2. Montelukast:

   • Class: Leukotriene receptor antagonist.
   • Action: It works by blocking the action of leukotrienes, which are other powerful inflammatory chemicals released in the body, particularly in the airways and nose. Leukotrienes contribute to inflammation, bronchoconstriction (narrowing of airways), and mucus production in conditions like asthma and allergic rhinitis. By blocking these, montelukast helps to reduce airway inflammation, improve breathing, and decrease nasal congestion and swelling.

Therapeutic Uses:

This combination tablet is widely used for the management and prophylaxis (prevention) of symptoms associated with:

• Allergic Rhinitis:
  • Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever): Symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, itchy/watery eyes, nasal congestion, caused by seasonal allergens (e.g., pollen).
  • Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: Symptoms that occur year-round due to continuous exposure to allergens (e.g., dust mites, pet dander).
• Allergic Asthma: It helps in the long-term management and prevention of asthma symptoms, especially in individuals whose asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. It helps reduce inflammation in the airways, making breathing easier. Note: It is NOT for acute asthma attacks; patients should use their rescue inhalers for sudden attacks.
• Chronic Urticaria (Hives): Relieves itching and reduces the size and number of hives.

Dosage and Administration:

• Form: Oral tablet (often film-coated).
• Frequency: Usually taken once daily, typically in the evening, with or without food, as directed by a physician. Taking it in the evening is common, especially for asthma management, as symptoms often worsen at night.
• Swallow Whole: The tablet should be swallowed whole with water; it should not be chewed, crushed, or broken unless specifically designed as a chewable tablet (which usually have different strengths and are for pediatric use).
• Consistency: For chronic conditions, it's important to take the medicine regularly, even if symptoms are not present, to achieve full benefits and prevent symptom flare-ups.
• Pediatric Use: Available in appropriate strengths and formulations (e.g., chewable tablets for children) for pediatric patients, with dosages adjusted by age and weight.

 

Dicyclomine Hydrochloride Simethicone Drops:Relaxes stomach and intestinal muscles.                           
                                                                  :Provides relief from pain caused by contraction of muscle.